First, my thanks to the reader who directed me to an article on this topic.
Seniors have until Dec. 7 to make changes to their Medicare coverage — and ads with actor Danny Glover and NFL legend Joe Namath are urging people to sign up for Medicare Advantage.
In addition to prescription drug coverage, many Medicare Advantage plans offer benefits unavailable through original Medicare, including dental, vision, hearing and even fitness programs, meals and transportation.
When Medicare was created in 1965, it was envisioned as a social insurance program. All eligible workers would pay into the system during their working years via the payroll tax and pay uniform premiums when they enrolled at age 65 — and they all would receive the same coverage, says The New York Times.
But privatization of Medicare began in the 1990s, and Medicare Advantage is provided by private insurers.Kiplinger, a respected personal finance publisher, says it’s been inundated by questions as a result of the media blast by companies selling Medicare Advantage plans, and it asked Linda Goodwin, a Medicare expert and author of the booklet “Solving the Puzzle of Medicare,” for information.Goodwin says: “The ads on television are delivering a message to those new to Medicare that Part C Medicare Advantage is superior to original Medicare. The other thing that often happens is when you call Medicare for more information you may start to receive calls from Advantage plan companies trying to sell their plans. Is this a coincidence, or has your information been supplied by Medicare to other companies?”
There can be disadvantages to Medicare Advantage.
You’ll likely have to see a doctor or other provider in the plan’s network. That means if you have a health crisis, you might not have coverage for seeing a specialist you want, says CNBC.Unlike original Medicare, Medicare Advantage plans come with out-of-pocket maximums that can be as high as $7,550 in 2021 for in-network coverage before the plan pays 100 percent of covered services. The in- and out-of-network maximum is $11,300.An aspect of coverage that can catch people by surprise is the hospitalization cost under a Medicare Advantage plan, CNBC says. Original Medicare comes with a Part A deductible — $1,484 for 2021 — when you’re admitted to the hospital, but there are no copays for the first 60 days of that inpatient care. By contrast, Advantage Plans often have a daily copay, which can result in a higher cost.Generally, the lower the premium, the more you’ll pay in cost-sharing, says CNBC.Some plans may allow you to see providers across the country, but others limit you to emergency-only coverage if you’re outside your coverage area.
In rural areas, availability of Medicare Advantage plans tends to be limited. In 82 counties across the country, no plans are available.The perks of Medicare Advantage tend to appeal to people in better health, while restrictions on medical services make the insurer-run plans less attractive to people in need of more healthcare, says David Meyers, a healthcare researcher at Brown University.“During beneficiaries’ first twelve months of Medicare eligibility, beginning at age sixty-five, federal law requires insurers to offer guaranteed issue for Medigap plans without restrictions for preexisting conditions or any other sociodemographic factor,” Meyers and his colleagues wrote in a Health Affairs article last year. "Insurers also are prohibited from charging higher premiums for preexisting conditions.”
But people lose this federal protection under a Medicare Advantage plan. Just eight states have laws that can preserve some access to the supplemental insurance for people seeking to switch back to traditional Medicare: Alaska, Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New York, Vermont and Washington, Brown and his colleagues wrote.
That’s why a switch to Medicare Advantage may be costly for people who would like to switch back to traditional Medicare during a subsequent enrollment period to deal with a serious illness.
“Medicare beneficiaries with complex care needs often face a higher burden of costs and may benefit from a greater continuity of care,” Meyers and his colleagues wrote. “In most states these enrollees may face significant barriers to enrollment in Medigap that may increase their exposure to high out-of-pocket spending and lead to disruptions in the continuity of care if they need to switch between MA and traditional Medicare.”
Tricia Neuman, executive director of the Kaiser Family Foundation’s program on Medicare policy, says that given the coronavirus pandemic’s risk to older people, they may want to consider traditional Medicare’s potential advantages in case of a serious illness.
Here is advice from Kaiser Health News on how to choose the best plan for you during Medicare's current open enrollment period.The good news, says CNBC, is that if you enroll in a Medicare Advantage plan during the current enrollment period and realize later it’s not a good fit, you can change your coverage between Jan. 1 and March 31.
And if you choose a Medicare Advantage plan when you're first eligible for Medicare and aren’t happy with it, you can make a change within the first year of joining, says Medicare’s 2021 handbook (page 74).